[:en]Flowering is as extraordinary as it is complex. An explosion of nature that in the case of agriculture becomes one of the most determining physiological phases because the production of the crops and the quality of the fruits depend on it.
But what physiological mechanisms are involved in this process? Flowering is controlled by environmental signals (such as light and temperature), by the nutritional status of our crop and by some hormones such as gibberellins, auxins, salicylic acid and abscisic acid.
Activation of floral genes
Rare is the physiological process in which plant hormones are not involved. In flowering they play a fundamental role, as is the case of gibberellins that activate floral genes and start floral development. All these environmental and endogenous factors must be in harmony and act jointly so that a correct flowering takes place.
Due to the complexity of the flowering process, a stress in our crop could lead to a failure in the hormonal regulation of the process, which is catastrophic for the farmer, being able to lose more than half of the harvest. For this reason, it is necessary to ensure proper flowering, how? This is where biostimulants come into play.
Biostimulants in action
Biostimulants stand out for their great capacity to improve and help the plant in the face of adverse conditions during its different phenological stages.
In the case of flowering, it has been observed that the application of some biostimulants provides phytohormone promoting compounds, such as gibberellins, ensuring the correct flowering of the crop. These compounds, which are usually amino acids or algae, are involved in the hormone synthesis pathway and act as metabolic intermediaries during the flowering process.
Therefore, the use of biostimulants improves flowering and, consequently, fruit set and production, ensuring greater profitability for our crop.
Bibliography
- Blázquez, MA, Piñero, M. and Valerde, F. "Molecular bases of flowering" Research and Science Magazine, May 2011.
- Turck, F., Fornara, F., Goupland, G. “Regulation and identity of florigen: flowering locus T moves center stage” Annual Review of Plant Biology, vol. 59, 2008, p. 573-594.
- Gerardo Campos-Rivero, Pedro Osorio-Montalvo, Rafael Sánchez-Borges, Rosa Us-Camas, Fátima Duarte-Aké, Clelia De-la-Peña, Plant hormone signaling in flowering: An epigenetic point of view, Journal of Plant Physiology, Volume 214, 2017, Pages 16-27, ISSN 0176-1617, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2017.03.018.
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